Intervention: Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier, Liquid I.V. Sugar-Free or water. All participants (n = 20) completed the two active arms (Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier and Liquid I.V. Sugar-Free) and the water arm of the protocol.
The different beverages were enriched with 10 g/L of 99.9% deuterium oxide (D2O) to assess fluid absorption via deuterium concentration in plasma.
Study Duration: 6 hours (2-hour exercise-induced dehydration protocol + 4-hour rehydration period)
Eligibility Criteria:
1 Healthy adults aged 18 – 60 years.
2.Training at least twice weekly.
For more, plus the exclusion criteria, see:
Key Findings
1.
This study adopted an ad libitum rehydration protocol, i.e., participants consumed as much of the test beverages as they wanted. There were no significant differences in total fluid intake over the first 240 minutes (4 hours) of rehydration between the water (1,603 ± 567 mL) and Liquid I.V. Sugar Free (1878 ± 716 mL) groups indicating no aversion to the sugar free formula. Meanwhile, significantly greater consumption of Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier was observed relative to water (1,977 ± 733 mL, P<0.05) suggesting that this formula encouraged greater intake of fluid.
2.
Fluid absorption (n = 10) based on blood deuterium appearance was significantly faster for Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier and Liquid I.V. Sugar Free. At the 150-minute (2.5-hour) timepoint, Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier increased the speed of absorption by 37% and Liquid I.V. Sugar Free increased the speed or absorption by 34% (P < 0.05 for both).
3.
Rehydration with Liquid I.V. Sugar Free led to greater net fluid balance at 120 minutes (1.0±0.6%), 180 minutes (0.8±0.6%), and 240 minutes (0.8±0.7%) of rehydration (P<0.05), compared to water (0.5±1.0, 0.3±0.8%, and 0.2±0.8%).
4.
Plasma osmolality and plasma volume were higher during the Liquid I.V. Sugar Free trial (P<0.05) than during water at 120, 180 and 240 minutes of rehydration.
5.
Finally taste perception was significantly higher (P<0.05) for Liquid I.V. Hydration Multiplier and Liquid I.V. Sugar Free beverages than water at 0, 60 and 120 minutes of rehydration.
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